KAJIAN LITERATUR: HUBUNGAN ANTARA ATEROSKLEROSIS DAN KARBOHIDRAT MURNI (PANGAN TINGGI GULA) MELALUI TRIGLISERIDA

Fathma Syahbanu, Setyaning Pawestri

Abstract


Aterosklerosis adalah kondisi dimana arteri mengalami pengerasan dikarenakan timbunan plak kolesterol. Aterosklerosis dapat memicu berbagai penyakit denegeratif seperti penyakit jantung koroner (PJK). Aterosklerosis dapat terjadi karena tingginya kadar kolesterol dalam darah dan faktor risiko trigliserida yang dikaitkan dengan konsumsi karbohidrat berlebih. Kasus penyakit kardiovaskuler banyak terjadi pada populasi dengan konsumsi karbohidrat tinggi. Hal ini dikaitkan dengan sifat aterogenik dari karbohidrat. Kelebihan glukosa dari metabolisme karbohidrat akan disintesis oleh hati menjadi trigliserida dan disimpan dalam jaringan adiposa dan dapat memicu obesitas. Diet tinggi karbohidrat diasosiasikan dengan rendahnya kadar total kolesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C dan ApoA. Utamanya, karbohidrat murni seperti gula murni (refined sudgar) yang terkandung pada produk makanan dan minuman ultra proses berkaitan erat dengan peningkatan risiko penyakit jantung koroner. Mempertimbangkan efek negatif dari diet tinggi karbohidrat, terutama karbohidrat murni, maka perlu adanya penekanan pentingnya pemilihan sumber karbohidrat, mengurangi asupan gula tambahan seperti sukrosa dan sirup jagung tinggi fruktosa, serta meningkatkan asupan pangan utuh, alami, dan nabati, seperti sayur-sayuran dan buah-buahan.

Kata kunci : aterogenik, aterosklerosis, diet tinggi karbohidrat, nabati, pangan utuh

 

DOI : https://doi.org/10.33005/jtp.v16i1.2881

 


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